Steven Chu, 2009
Dr. Chu was born in St. Louis, Missouri, into a family of scholars who placed an enormous value on education. Both his father and mother studied at MIT, in chemical engineering and economics, respectively, and they nurtured intellectual curiosity in their children. As a young child, Dr. Chu built model airplanes and warships, graduated to Erector Sets, and later, spent his school lunch money on parts for homemade rockets that he constructed with a friend. He matriculated to the Rochester Institute of Technology, where he developed a love for physics and mathematics, and from which he graduated in 1970. In 1976, after completing his graduate and postdoctoral work at the University of California at Berkeley, Dr. Chu spent nine years at Bell Laboratories. The atmosphere at Bell Labs during that period (1978–1987) was one “permeated by the joy and excitement of doing science,” according to Dr. Chu, and his work there led to the laser cooling and trapping of atoms for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize.
President Paul Kagame, 2008
The news these days from Africa isn’t all bad. In fact, in some places, it’s downright hopeful, as Rwandan President Paul Kagame attests. “Our continent is no longer all about violence and disease and human disasters that scarred many African countries in recent decades,” says Kagame. “We are now becoming a continent of opportunities.” There are those who doubted Rwanda could “constitute a viable state,” says Kagame, but 14 years after bloody genocide and civil war, his country has managed an astonishing revival.
Tom Brokaw, 2008
Tom Brokaw characterizes the transformation of the world by digital technology as a second “Big Bang,” a time of great possibility, but also of danger. This revolution is being advanced not by “a small collection of monkish wonks working in a secret lab” but by a vast and ever larger population ranging from inventive teenagers to military analysts in the Pentagon, says Brokaw, who feel “power at their fingertips and in the bowels of their servers.” They believe that the world is limited only by their imagination. Yet, cautions Brokaw, “life is not a virtual experience. If we develop capacity and leave out compassion, what is the reward? What are the consequences if speed overruns reason?”
Jeff Bingaman, 2008
For those seeking reassurance that American politicians take climate change and clean energy seriously, look no further: Jeff Bingaman wraps his arms around this enormous issue, and sets forth an ambitious national agenda to address the challenge. Bingaman sees a new attitude emerging in Washington. Politicians have begun to grasp that reduced dependence on foreign oil is not enough, and that today’s energy challenge requires an overhaul in the way the entire world produces, stores, distributes, and uses energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This urgent, immense challenge is happening “in a world of growing demand for energy as billions of people are rising out of poverty.”
Edward M. Kennedy, 2007
Promoting politics at the expense of all else “breeds cynicism and erodes trust, but also threatens the foundations of democracy,” believes Kennedy. Yet he sees an antidote to the problem. Kennedy turns to institutions like MIT, which harbor “a questioning spirit that seeks to find and follow truth.” He has hope that in the near future, science and public policy will once again become partners.
John H. Gibbons, 1998
Dr. Gibbons explores both the limiting and the liberating influences of government on technological research and development, addressing the broad issue of the government’s role in supporting, advocating, and directing technological advancement. Gibbons also brings into focus specific areas where science and government join forces in the service of society. He provides the audience with a provocative, behind-the-scenes look at national science and technology initiatives since 1972, and charts the changing public and political attitudes that shaped those initiatives.
President Oscar Arias Sánchez, 1997
After studying in the United States, Oscar Arias Sánchez (b. 1940) studied law and economics at the University of Costa Rica and engaged actively in the work of the National Liberation Party. Having completed his degree, he went on to finish his doctorate in England, with a thesis on the subject of “Who Rules Costa Rica?”
Robert White, 1995-1996
Robert M. White advises on environment, energy, and climate change, and development and management of organizations and research programs. Dr. White was President of the National Academy of Engineering from 1983 to 1995. Prior to that, he was President of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Dr. White has served in scientific leadership positions under five U.S. Presidents.
John A. Armstrong, 1993
Dr. Armstrong holds the AB in physics from Harvard College (1956) and the PhD (1961) from Harvard University for research in nuclear magnetic resonance at high pressures. He worked at IBM from 1963 to 1993 retiring as a member of the Corporate Management Board and Vice President, Science and Technology. Armstrong is internationally recognized as an expert in nonlinear optics, the statistical properties of laser light, picosecond pulse measurements and the multiphoton laser spectroscopy of atoms.
Alain C. Enthoven, 1987
Alain C. Enthoven (born September 10, 1930) is an American economist. He was a Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1965, and from 1965 to 1969 he was the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Systems Analysis. Currently he is Marriner S. Eccles Professor of Public and Private Management, Emeritus, at Stanford Institute for International Studies.
